Job chaining runs jobs in a defined sequence: Laravel dispatches the next job only after the previous job succeeds. It is appropriate when every step depends on the successful completion of the earlier step, such as importing data and then generating a summary.

Job batching manages a group of jobs that may run in parallel and exposes progress, completion, cancellation, and failure callbacks for the whole group. It is useful for fan-out work such as processing many files. A batch can be cancelled on failure or configured to continue, while a chain normally stops when a job fails.