Controller actions and route closures can type-hint Illuminate\Http\Request to receive the current request. Common methods include input('name'), query('page'), all(), only([...]), except([...]), has('field'), filled('field'), and boolean('active').

Use a narrow retrieval method whenever possible instead of passing all request input through the application. After validation, use validated() or safe() to work with approved data rather than raw request data, especially before mass assignment or business operations.